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Facts And Ways To Prevent Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) Infection According To Doctors

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is not a new threat. The Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Budi Gunadi Sadikin, confirmed that this virus has been detected in Indonesia for a long time. HMPV usually causes mild symptoms like cough, fever, and nasal congestion, which can be treated easily. Severe cases, such as lower respiratory tract infections including pneumonia, are very rare. According to data from the Cleveland Clinic in 2023, only about 5% to 16% of children exposed to HMPV experience such complications.

Additionally, a systematic review by Xin Wang and colleagues published in Lancet Global Health in 2021 found that the mortality rate from acute lower respiratory infections in children under five linked to HMPV is 1%. Research from various periods and regions also shows a relatively low prevalence of HMPV compared to the total number of acute respiratory infection cases. Here are some examples of long-standing cases monitored by different countries:

- In Beijing, a study by Cong et al. from 2017 to 2019 recorded a prevalence of 7.9% of total acute respiratory infection cases, with most cases occurring in children under five.

- In Singapore, research by Loo et al. in 2007 found a prevalence of 5.3%.

- In India, data from Devanathan showed an increase in cases from November 2022 to March 2023, with a prevalence of 9.3%, peaking in December and January.

- In the United States, data from the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) US CDC at the end of 2024 recorded a prevalence of 1.94%.

From these facts, it can be concluded that the public does not need to worry excessively, as the risk of infection can be minimized by maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following simple preventive measures.

Dr. Theresia Novi, Sp.PK, Subsp.P.I (K) from Halodoc, who specializes in clinical pathology with a focus on infectious diseases, stated, "The HMPV virus has been around since 2001 and is a seasonal illness. Cases tend to rise each year during winter or early spring in temperate regions. Looking at past cases, the mortality rate from HMPV is relatively low. Therefore, there is no need for the public to panic, but it is still important to maintain a healthy lifestyle and follow the 3M health protocols: wash hands, wear masks, and keep distance," explained Dr. Novi.

Dr. Novi recommends the following effective ways for people to boost their immune system to prevent exposure to the HMPV virus:

1. Drink Water: Aim for at least eight glasses a day to stay hydrated.

2. Healthy Eating: Consume a balanced diet with carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and vitamins.

3. Exercise: Engage in physical activity regularly, at least twice a week.

4. Get Enough Rest: Sleep for at least seven hours a day to aid body regeneration.

5. Take vitamins or supplements if needed.

If you experience symptoms like cough or fever, there is no need to panic. You can take over-the-counter medications for symptom relief, such as pain relievers or decongestants. If you have severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, chest tightness, or high fever, seek medical attention immediately.

Today, the increased accessibility of digital health service platforms has made it easier for people to seek medical help quickly and effectively, regardless of their location. "Halodoc is committed to assisting the public by providing health services that can be accessed anytime and anywhere. HMPV infections can be prevented by boosting the immune system and breaking the chain of transmission," added Dr. Novi.

Tag: Budi Gunadi Sadikin HMPV